Tyndale's+Bible

The chain of events that led to the creation of Tyndale’s New Testament possibly began in 1522, the year Tyndale acquired a copy of [|Martin Luther] ’s German New Testament. Inspired by Luther’s work, Tyndale began a translation into English using a Greek text "compiled by Erasmus from several manuscripts older and more authoritative than the Latin Vulgate" of St. Jerome (A.D. c.340-420), the only translation authorized by the Roman Catholic Church. [|[3] ] [|[4] ] Tyndale made his purpose known to the Bishop of London at the time, [|Cuthbert Tunstall], but was refused permission to produce this [|"heretical"] text. Thwarted in England, Tyndale moved to the continent. [|[5] ] A partial edition was put into print in 1525 in [|Cologne]. But before the work could be completed, Tyndale was betrayed to the authorities [|[6] ]and forced to flee to [|Worms], where the first complete edition of his New Testament was published in 1526. [|[7] ] Two revised versions were later published in 1534 and 1536, both personally revised by Tyndale himself. After his death in 1536 Tyndale’s works were revised and reprinted numerous times [|[8] ] and are reflected in more modern versions of the Bible, including, perhaps most famously, the [|King James Bible]. Tyndale's Pentateuch was published at Antwerp by [|Merten de Keyser] in 1530. [|[9] ] His English version of the book of Jonah was published the following year. This was followed by his revised version of the book of Genesis in 1534. Tyndale translated additional Old Testament books including Joshua, Judges, first and second Samuel, first and second Kings and first and second Chronicles, but they were not published and have not survived in their original forms. [|[10] ] When Tyndale was martyred these works came to be in the possession of one his associates [|John Rodgers]. These translations would be influential in the creation of the [|Matthew Bible] which was published in 1537. [|[11] ] Tyndale used a number of sources when carrying out his translations of both the New and Old Testaments. When translating the New Testament, he referred to the third edition (1522) of [|Erasmus] ’s Greek New Testament, often referred to as the [|Received Text]. Tyndale also used Erasmus' Latin New Testament, as well as Luther’s German version and the [|Vulgate]. Scholars believe that Tyndale stayed away from using [|Wycliffe's Bible] as a source because he didn’t want his English to reflect that which was used prior to the Renaissance. [|[12] ] The sources Tyndale used for his translation of the Pentateuch however are not known for sure. Scholars believe that Tyndale used either the Hebrew Pentateuch or the Polyglot Bible, and may have referred to the [|Septuagint]. It is suspected that his other Old Testament works were translated directly from a copy of the Hebrew Bible. He also made abundant use of Greek and Hebrew grammars. [|[13] ] The legacy of Tyndale’s Bible cannot be overstated. His translations laid the foundations for many of the English Bibles which followed his. His work made up a significant portion of the [|Great Bible] which was the first authorized version of the English Bible. [|[30] ] The Tyndale Bible also played a key role in spreading reformation ideas to England which had been reluctant to embrace the movement. His works also allowed the people of England direct access to the words and ideas of Martin Luther whose works had been banned by the state. Tyndale achieved this by including many of Luther’s commentaries in his works. [|[31] ] The Tyndale Bible’s greatest impact on society today is that it heavily influenced and contributed to the creation of the King James Version, which is one of the most popular and widely used Bibles in the world today. Scholars tell us that around 90% of the King James Version is from Tyndale’s works with as much as one third of the text being word for word Tyndale. [|[32] ] Many of the popular phrases and Bible verses that people quote today are mainly in the language of Tyndale. An example of which is Matthew 5:9 “Blessed are the peacemakers.” [|[33] ] The importance of the Tyndale Bible in shaping and influencing the English language is paramount. According to one scholar Tyndale is “the man who more than Shakespeare even or Bunyan has moulded and enriched our language.” [|[34] ] Tyndale used // [|thou] // and never // [|you] // as the singular second-person pronoun in his work (usage that was later reflected in the very influential King James Version), which had the double effect of rescuing //thou// from complete obscurity and also imbuing it with an air of religious solemnity that is antithetical to its former sense of familiarity or disrespect. [|[35] ]  

Excerpt taken from Wikipedia article entitled "Tyndale Bible" 1. Sir Frederic Kenyon (1947). [|//The story of the Bible//]. London: Butler & Tanner Ltd. pp. 47–49. 2. A.C. Partridge (1973). [|//English Biblical Translation//]. London: Andrè Deutsch Limited. pp. 38–39, 52–52. 3. British Library online catalog of sacred books. 4. Partridge, 38. 5. Alfred W. Pollard, ed. (1974), [|//Records of the English Bible//], Kent: Wm. Dawson & Sons Ltd., pp. 87–89 6. David Teems, "Tydale," Thomas Nelson publishers, 2012, pp. 51-52. 7. Craig R. Thompson (1963). [|//The Bible in English 1525-1611//]. New York: Cornell University Press. p. 6. 8. Partridge, 38-39. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhász, Guido Latré (eds.) (2002). [|//Tyndale's Testament//]. Turnhout: Brepols. p. 132. [|ISBN] [|2-503-51411-1]. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. Arblaster, p. 53. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. Arblaster, p. 53 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">12. Arblaster, p. 38. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. Arblaster, p. 53. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. Pollard, pp. 87-91. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. Thompson, p. 7. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. Partridge, p. 40. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. Partridge, pp. 40-41 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. Partidge, pp. 41-42. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. Carter Lindberg (1996). [|//The European Reformations//]. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 202–204. [|ISBN] [|1-4051-8068-4]. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. Lindberg, pp. 70-72. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. Lindberg, pp. 99. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. Partridge, p. 92. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. Lindberg, p. 99. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">24. Lindberg, pp. 262-263. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">25. Lindberg, p. 163. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">26. Partridge, p. 42. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">27. Martin Luther (1957). "The Freedom Of A Christian: Doctrine of Justification by Faith Alone". In Hans J. Grimm, W. A. Lambert. //The Freedom Of A Christian//. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg Press. pp. 343–353. [|ISBN] [|0-8006-6311-X]. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">28. [|"Tridentine Creed"]. TraditionalCatholic.net. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">29. Donald Coggan (1968). [|//The English Bible//]. Essex: Longmans, Green & Co. Ltd. p. 18. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">30. Kenyon, p. 48-50. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">31. Lindberg, pp. 314-315. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">32. Coggan, pp. 18-19. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">33. Partridge, p. 52. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">34. Coggan, p. 19. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">35. J.M. Pressley (8 January 2010). [|"Thou Pesky "Thou""]. Shakespeare Resource Centre. Tyndale Bible
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Coverdale's Translation || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Early English Translations  ||